Baaskiil koronto oo loogu talagalay nolosha riyada

Mootada korontadu waa nooc ka mid ah baabuurta korontada ku shaqeysa, oo leh baytari lagu wado matoorka. Wadista korantada iyo nidaamka xakamaynta waxa ay ka kooban tahay mootada wadista, sahayda korontada iyo qalabka xakamaynta xawaaraha mootada. Inta kale ee mootada korontadu waxay asal ahaan la mid tahay matoorka gubashada gudaha.

Halabuurka mootada korantada waxaa ka mid ah: wadista korontada iyo nidaamka xakamaynta, gudbinta xoogga wadista iyo hababka kale ee farsamada, si loo dhamaystiro hawsha qalabka shaqada. Wadista korantada iyo nidaamka xakamaynta ayaa ah udub dhexaadka gaadiidka korantada, sidoo kale waxa uu ka duwan yahay faraqa ugu weyn ee gaadhi wadista matoorka gubashada gudaha.

mooto koronto

Mooto ku shaqaynaysa koronto. Loo qaybiyay mooto laba lug leh oo koronto ah iyo mooto saddex lug leh oo koronto ah.

A. Mooto laba lugood leh oo koronto ah: mooto laba lug leh oo ay ku socoto koronto oo leh xawaarihiisu ugu badnaan 50km/h.

B. Mootada Saddex Lugood leh ee Korontada ah: Mootada saddexda lug leh ee ay ku socoto koronto, iyadoo xawaaraheeda naqshadeynta ay ka badan tahay 50km/h, culeyska dayactirka gaadiidkana uu ka yar yahay 400kg.

Moobeelka Korontada

Mootooyinka korantada lagu kaxeeyo waxa loo qaybiyaa laba-iyo saddex lugood oo koronto ah.

A. Mootada labada lug leh ee korontada ku shaqeysa: mooto laba lug leh oo ku shaqeysa koronto oo buuxisa shuruudaha soo socda midkood:

Xawaaraha naqshadaynta ugu badan waa in ka badan 20km/h iyo in ka yar 50km/h;

Miisaanka gaadhigu waxa uu ka badan yahay 40kg halka xawaaruhu nashqaduhu uu ka yar yahay 50km/h.

B. Moobab saddex lug leh oo koronto ah: Mooto saddex lugood leh oo ay ku socoto koronto, xawaaraha naqshadda ugu sarreeyana aanu ka badnayn 50km/h, miisaanka guud ee gaadhiguna aanu ka badnayn 400kg.

halabuurka

Korontada

Korontadu waxay siisaa tamarta korantada ee matoorka baaskiilka korontada. Matoorku waxa uu tamarta korantada ee korantada u beddelaa tamar farsamaysan, kaas oo ku dhaqaajiya taayirrada iyo aaladaha shaqada iyada oo loo marayo qalabka gudbinta ama si toos ah. Maalmahan, tamarta ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo baabuurta korontodu waa baytariga rasaasta-ashitada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarinta tignoolajiyada baabuurta korantada, baytariyada sunta rasaasta ah waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah u bedelaya baytariyada kale sababtoo ah tamar gaar ah oo hooseeysa, xawaaraha dallacaadda oo gaabis ah iyo nolosha adeeg oo gaaban. Codsiga ilo koronto oo cusub ayaa la soo saarayaa, taas oo fureysa rajooyin ballaaran oo horumarinta gawaarida korontada.

Matoorka wad

Doorka matoorka wadista waa inuu u beddelo tamarta korantada ee tamarta tamarta farsamada, iyada oo loo marayo qalabka gudbinta ama si toos ah u wado taayirada iyo qalabka shaqada. Matoorada taxanaha ah ee Dc ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa baabuurta korontada ee maanta, kuwaas oo leh sifooyin farsamo "jilicsan" oo aad u waafaqsan sifooyinka wadista baabuurta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, motor dc sababta oo ah dhimbiil isdhaafsi, awood yar oo gaar ah, hufnaan hoose, culayska shaqada ee dayactirka, oo leh horumarinta tignoolajiyada mootada iyo tignoolajiyada kontoroolka mootada, waxa ay ku xidhan tahay in si tartiib tartiib ah loogu badalo matoor aan burush lahayn DC (BCDM), matoorka cagajiid ee beddelan (SRM) iyo AC asynchronous motor.

Qalabka xakamaynta xawaaraha mootada

Qalabka xakamaynta xawaaraha mootada ayaa loo dejiyay xawaaraha gaadhiga korantada iyo isbedelka jihada, doorkeedu waa in la xakameeyo danabka ama hadda matoorka, dhamaystirka matoorka wadista iyo xakamaynta jihada wareega.

Baabuurtii hore ee korantada, xakamaynta xawaaraha mootada dc waxaa lagu gaaraa iska caabin taxane ah ama beddelka tirada wareegyada gariiradda magnetic field ee matoorka. Sababtoo ah xawaaraheeda waa la qiimeeyay, waxayna soo saari doontaa isticmaalka tamarta dheeraadka ah ama isticmaalka qaab dhismeedka matoorku waa mid adag, waa dhif in la isticmaalo maanta. Maalmahan, nidaamka xawaaraha SCR chopper waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa baabuurta korontada, kaas oo ogaanaya nidaaminta xawaaraha stepless by beddelka danab terminal ee motor si siman iyo kontaroolo hadda ee matoorka. Horumarka joogtada ah ee tignoolajiyada korantada elektiroonigga ah, waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah loogu beddelayaa koronto kale (GTO, MOSFET, BTR iyo IGBT, iwm.) Qalabka xakamaynta xawaaraha chopper. Marka loo eego horumarka tignoolajiyada, iyadoo la adeegsanayo matoor cusub oo wadista, xakamaynta xawaaraha gaadiidka korantada ayaa loo beddelaa adeegsiga tignoolajiyada inverter DC, taas oo noqon doonta isbeddel lama huraan ah.

Xakamaynta is-beddelka is-beddelka matoorka wadista, dc motor wuxuu ku tiirsan yahay contactor si uu u beddelo jihada hadda ee armature ama goobta magnetic si loo gaaro isbeddelka isbeddelka matoorka, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid adag iyo isku halaynta wareegga. Marka matoorka asynchronous la isticmaalo, beddelka isteerinka mootada kaliya wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu beddelo isku xigxiga wejiga hadda ee saddexda weji ee goobta magnetic, kaas oo fududayn kara wareegga xakamaynta. Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalka matoorka AC iyo tignoolajiyada xakamaynta xawaaraha beddelka ee soo noqnoqda ayaa ka dhigaysa xakamaynta tamarta soo kabashada tamarta ee baabuurta korantada mid ku habboon, wareegga xakamaynta fudud.